Doorcheck



A. SCHNITZLER Aug. 12 1924.

DOORCHECK 'Filed Nov. 17, 1922 'IW M conditions.

Patented Jiang.. 12, 1924i,

Unire STATES PATENT oFFlcr..

DooncHEcK.

Application filed. November 17, 1922. Serial No. 601,502.

T0 @ZZ whom t may concern Be it known that 1, ABRAHAM SGHNITZLER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Doorchecks, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

My present d invention relates to door closers or checks, and more particularly vto a combined spring and liuid actuated door closer or check.` v

My present invention is an improvement over the invention disclosed and claimed in my prior application for door check, Serial No. 541,204, filed March 4, 1922. In my present invention I have devised a door.

closer or check applicable for use on doors, or other closures, swinging in either direction about a'hinge or pivot point and which may be moved to closing position and held in such position, if desired, the door or other closure remaining open 'under these The spring operating means of my present invention is adapt-ed to be operated by a roller engaging with a cam surface which cam surface is so designed as to allow the full effect of the spring to be exerted on the door at the instant of closing. As it is possible, under certain conditions, through derangement of the parts, or otherwise, for a spring to cause a slamming movement of the door, I have provided means for preventing such occurrence by the installation of an auxiliary `cam which will only be brought into operation by, the too sudden movement of the Vdoor Y. or other closure. Y

My present invention is designedl primarily for use with a liquid, such asroil,

but by properly designing the various partsv of the mechanism the structure is applicable to be used with air or other fluid.

Further details of the invention, advantages, and novel combinations of parts will be hereinaftenmore fully pointed out and claimed. e, y

. Referring to the drawings illustrating the preferred embodiment of my invention,

v Fig. 1 is a central vertical section through my improved door check, or closure, the means for connectingfthe same to a fixed support being shown in elevation;-V

port being omitted, and

Fig. 3 is a .plan view on the line 3-3 of F ig 1 showing the safety cam and with all parts other than such cam and its sup port omitted.

Referring to the drawings, my apparatus is adapted to be applied to a door jamb, or other fixed part, and to a swinging door, or other hinged closure. Intended primarily for use as a door check it will, of course, be appreciated that similar uses could be made of the' invention, particularly where a similar action is desired. 10 designates a body portion, or base, having formed integral therewith, and at one side thereof, a bracket member 11 provided with a plurality of perfor-ations 12 through which the screws may pass for attaching the device to a door or other hinged closure. The body portion, or base, 10 is provided with a depending circular flange 13 threaded on its interior at lll to receive the liquid containing cylinder 15, a gasket 16 cooperating with the body, or base, 1() and with the liquid containing cylinder 15 to maintain a liquid tight joint between such members. The liquid containing cylinder is of sufficient length to allow ample reciprocating movement of the various operat ing parts and has formed integral therewith, and on the end remote from the end adjacent the body, or face, 10 a reenforced head 1'6", and integrally formed on the central interior portion of the reenforced head 1'4" is a tubular member 18 which eX- ten'ds vinwardly toward the body or base 10, this cylinder 18 being provided with a bore 19 through which flows the oil or other fluid acting as a compressing member. The end of the bore 19 adjacent the reenforced head 17 is threaded at 20 to receive the threaded end 21 of a valve stem 22, this valve stem having secured at its outer end a knurled adjusting member 23. The outer central end of the reenforced head 17 is threaded to receive a packingnut 24 for preventing leakage of oil or other compressing liquid past the valve'stem 22. The tubular member 18 is provided with a transverse passage 25 communicating with the bore 19, and the threaded end 21 of the stem 22 is'ample to control the size of the` lll) r between the double cam `Vupper surface or V2o F opening between the passage 25 and the bore 19 for a purpose to be hereinafter de-V scribed.

Formed integral Vwith the body or base 10 and on the end, or face, thereofV remote from the circular iiange 13 is a double cam member 26 provided o the eXtreme upper portion thereof, or at the connecting point faces, with a substantially :dat or slightly concavedportion, or dwell, 27 the'purpose of which will be hereinafter described. Formed integral with the body or base 10 on the end or face opposite from the double cam 26 is another cam 28 which is also double and has its extreme lower end, or the end that constitutes theJ meeting point 'of the double cam surfaces 28, diametrically opposite the eXtreme `dwell 27, as viewed in ig.V 1. Y 'Y 'i The body or base 10 is provided with a Vvertical centrally located hole 29 in which is slidably and rotatably mounted a shaft 30, the lowerend of which is Vprovided with a central borelin which is slidably mounted the tubular member 18. The lower end of theshaftl BO'is reduced in diameter at 32 to receive a cu ed Jiston 38 whichV is a sliding D adapted,

iiton the interior ofthe liquid containing cylinder 15. The lower central portion of the cupped piston 83' is recessed to receive a ball race B4"that cooperates with a second ball race 85 Yscrewed onto the lower end of the shaft v8O, balls 86y being located between the ball races 34 and 35, this construction allowing theshaft 30 to rotate freely-with respect to the cupped piston 33. This cupped piston 33 is provided with a ball check valve 87 that is so arranged as to allow a free passage of liquid', or other checking fluid, from the'upper face of the cupped piston 83 to ther lower face thereof only. Screwed into the shaft `30 is a pin or shaft 88 which is under Y abnormal conditions of. operation of the device, to engage with the double faced cam surfaces 28. This pin, or shaft,i38,i's provided with the central bore 62 that communicates with the transverse bore 63 which, in turn, communicates with thecent'ral bore 81 of the shaft 30 and with the bore 19 ofthe tubular member 18. Y e

VSecured to the upper end of the shaft 30 bya pin 89, and extending outward and laterally therefrom, is a rod'40 provided at the endadjacent the connecting point with a cam' roller 41 that is mounted on the rod 40l by ay roller bearing 42,'-this cam roller 41 engaging with the'double faced cam 26, means 48 being provided for preventing longitudinal movementV of the cam roller 41 longitudinally of therod `40. This membe`r 40 is of any convenient length, and adjacent its outer, j or free, end is rotatably mounted, by means o f screw 44 and n ut 45, a member 46', the' ymember 46 being provided with lugs, or ears, 47 in which is pivotally mounted, by means of the horizontally arranged pin 48, a rod 49. The extreme outer end of the rod 40 is provided with an adjustable screw 50 which is adapted to engage with either side of the rod 49, as the case may be, to prevent abnormal angular movement of the rods 40 and 49. 5l designates a plate adapted to be secured to the jamb of a door, or other ixed member, by screws 52 and this plate 51 is provided with ears, or lugs, 53 in which is pivotally mounted, by means of the vertically arranged pin 54, amember 55 which in turn is provided with lugs 56 in which is pivotally mounted, by means of the horizontally arranged pin 57, a tubular member 58 in which is slidably mounted the rod 49. The tubular member 58 is provided on its outer, or free, end with a collar 59 through which, and through the tubular member 58, extends a set screw 60 which engages the rod 59 for the purpose of holding 'such rod in adjusted position relatively to the tubular member 58.

Mounted withinthe liquid holding cylinder 15, and abutting on the lower side, or face,'of the body or base 10 and on the upper side or face of the cupped piston 33 is a helical compression spring 61 which normallytends to force the cupped piston 33 to its extreme lower, or normal, position, as viewed in Fig. 1, this position being the position in which the door or other closure is closed or shut. Also, this spring, acting on the cupp'ed piston 33, keeps the cam roller 41 normally in engagement; with the double cam faces 26.

The operation of my improved apparatus is as follows, it being assumed that the clements have been assembled in the manner above described and that the body or base 10, with attached parts, is secured to a door, or other closure, by screws, or other fastening devices, passing through thc perforations 12 and that the plate 51 is secured to a door jamb, or other fixed part. Under such conditions the body or base 1() and the plate 51 are relatively close together, the rods 40 and 49 defining an acute angle about the pivot screw 44. If the door, or other closure, is moved from the closed to open position, the cam roller 41, riding up on one face of the double cam 26, rotates the shaft 30 and simultaneously moves such shaft in a vertical direction carrying the cupped pis` ton 83 therewith and compressing the spring 61. It is assumed that the liquid containing cylinder 15 is filled with oil, or other liquid, and under the conditions noted above and during the opening movement of the door orV otherclosure, the check valve 37 will allow free passage of the liquid on the upper side of the piston 83 to How through such valve to the under side of such piston. Also, it will be noted that a certain amount of oil will also flow through the bores 62 and 63, the passage 19, passage 25, and into the lower portion of the liquid containing cylinder so that practically the only work done during the opening of the door, or other closure, is the compressing of the spring 61. As the door orI other closure is moved to its open position, the cam roller 41, riding on one or the other of the faces of the double cam 26, reaches the dwell, or meeting point of the two faces of the cam 27 where it will rest and, ifdesired, the door may be left in open position. Assuming, however, that the door is to be operated under the usual, or ordinary conditions; that is, not to the eXtreme limit of its travel, but merely to allow the passage of a person therethrough, the cam roller 41 will ride up on one or the other of the faces of the double cam 26 to a point near the dwell 27 when the door or other closure is freed from the pressure, or pull, with which it is opened, whereupon the spring 61 will expand, forcing the cupped piston 33 downwardly, as viewed in Fig. 1. This results in the sudden closure of the check valve 37, preventing return of the oil from the lowerI to the upper side of the piston 33 through such valve and the oil, therefore, will be forced to return by f way of the passageways 25, 19, 63, and 62,

thecross sectional area of the smallest of these passages being so proportioned with regard to the strength of the spring 61 as to allow a relatively slow movement of the oil or other fluid from the lower to the upper face of the piston 33. It may happen that, when the door is in its open position and suddenly released, it will swing, on its return, too rapidly for the movement of the piston 33 and spring 61, the cam roller 41 under these conditions swinging away from the cam faces 26 in a horizontal plane with a consequent possible injury to the mechanism. The safety double cam 28 will, under these conditions, lie in the path of ymovement of the pin 38 which pin, engaging with the cam faces 28, will prevent too rapid a rotative movement of the shaft thus preventing too rapid swinging of the door to which the device is attached and also preventing possible injury to such device.

I-Iaving thus described my invention, what I claim as new is:

1. Door closing apparatus of the kind described comprising a movable link and lever, a spring permitting openingy of the door against the tension of the spring and thereafter automatically acting to close said door, restraining means for said spring including a cam path and roll traversing the same during its door closing action, said cam terminating short of the complete door closing action, and a safety cam restraining means associated with said spring for restraining the door closing apparatus at the initiation of the door closing action.`

2. Door closing apparatus comprising, in combination, a base, a fluid containing cylinder thereon, a piston slidably mounted in said cylinder, a check valve in said piston allowing free movement of the liquid in the cylinder through the piston in one direction only, a shaft slidably and rotatably mounted in said base and having one end connectedy to said piston, a lever attached to the outer end of said shaft for imparting rotary movement thereto during the opening and closing of the door, a cam mounted on said base exterior of the cylinder, a cam roller associated with the shaft and contacting with said cam to impart longitudinal movement to the shaft during the opening of the door, a second cam mounted on said base interior of the cylinder, means secured to said shaft intermediate its ends and associated with said second cam for preventing too rapid a rotation of the shaft during the closing of the door.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

ABRAHAM SCHNITZLER. 

